職業(yè)興趣是一個(gè)人對(duì)待工作的態(tài)度，對(duì)工作的適應(yīng)能力，表現(xiàn)為有從事相關(guān)工作的愿望和興趣，擁有職業(yè)興趣將增加個(gè)人的工作滿意度、職業(yè)穩(wěn)定性和職業(yè)成就感。知遇網(wǎng)根據(jù)頗具權(quán)威的霍蘭德職業(yè)興趣分類方法，將職業(yè)興趣分為六種類型：常規(guī)型、藝術(shù)型、實(shí)踐型、研究型、社會(huì)型、管理型。

Vocational interest is a person's attitude toward work, the ability to adapt to work, as shown by the desire and interest to engage in related work, occupational interest will increase personal job satisfaction, occupational stability and sense of professional achievement. According to Holland's authoritative classification method of professional interests, Knowledgemet. com classifies professional interests into six types: conventional, artistic, practical, research, social and managerial.
職業(yè)興趣是以一定的素質(zhì)為前提，在生涯實(shí)踐過程中逐漸發(fā)生和發(fā)展起來的。它的形成與個(gè)人的個(gè)性、自身能力、實(shí)踐活動(dòng)、客觀環(huán)境和所處的歷史條件有著密切的關(guān)系，因此，職業(yè)規(guī)劃對(duì)興趣的探討不能孤立進(jìn)行，應(yīng)當(dāng)結(jié)合個(gè)人的、家庭的、社會(huì)的因素來考慮。了解這些因素，有利于深入認(rèn)識(shí)自己，進(jìn)行職業(yè)規(guī)劃。
Vocational interest is based on a certain quality as a prerequisite, in the process of career practice gradually occurred and developed. Its formation is closely related to individual personality, self-ability, practical activities, objective environment and historical conditions. Therefore, the exploration of interest in career planning can not be carried out in isolation, but should be considered in combination with individual, family and social factors. Understanding these factors is conducive to a better understanding of themselves and career planning.
1、個(gè)人需要和個(gè)性
1, personal needs and personality
但不管人的興趣是什么，都是以需要為前提和基礎(chǔ)的，人們需要什么也就會(huì)對(duì)什么產(chǎn)生興趣。由于人們的需要包括生理需要和社會(huì)需要或物質(zhì)需要和精神需要，因此人的興趣也同樣表現(xiàn)在這兩個(gè)方面。人的生理需要或物質(zhì)需要一般來說是暫時(shí)的，容易滿足。例如，人對(duì)某一種食物、衣服感興趣，吃飽了、穿上了也就滿足了；而人的社會(huì)需要或精神需要卻是持久的、穩(wěn)定的、不斷增長(zhǎng)的，例如人際交往、對(duì)文學(xué)和藝術(shù)的興趣、對(duì)社會(huì)生活的參與則是長(zhǎng)期的、終生的，并且不斷追求的。興趣是在需要的基礎(chǔ)上產(chǎn)生的，也是在需要的基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展的。
But no matter what people's interests are, they are all based on needs, and people will be interested in what they need. Because people's needs include physical needs and social needs or material needs and spiritual needs, people's interests are also expressed in these two aspects. Human physiological needs or material needs are generally temporary and easy to satisfy. For example, when a person is interested in a particular food or clothing, he or she will be satisfied if he or she eats and wears it; while his social or spiritual needs are permanent, stable and growing, such as interpersonal communication, interest in literature and art, and participation in social life are long-term, lifelong and constantly pursued. Yes. Interest is generated on the basis of needs and developed on the basis of needs.

有的人興趣和愛好的品味比較高，有的人興趣和愛好的品味比較低，興趣和愛好品味的高低會(huì)受一個(gè)人的個(gè)性特征優(yōu)劣的影響。例如，一個(gè)人個(gè)性品質(zhì)的高雅，會(huì)對(duì)公益活動(dòng)感興趣，樂于助人，對(duì)高雅的音樂、美術(shù)有興趣；反之，一個(gè)人個(gè)性的低級(jí)，會(huì)對(duì)占小便宜感興趣，對(duì)低級(jí)、庸俗的文藝作品有興趣。
Some people have higher tastes of interest and hobbies, others have lower tastes of interest and hobbies. The level of interest and tastes of hobbies will be influenced by one's personality characteristics. For example, a person's elegant personality will be interested in public welfare activities, willing to help others, interested in elegant music, art; on the contrary, a person's low personality, will be interested in taking advantage of small, vulgar literary and artistic works of interest.
2、個(gè)人認(rèn)識(shí)和情感
2, personal knowledge and emotion
興趣不足是和個(gè)人的認(rèn)識(shí)和情感密切聯(lián)系著的。如果一個(gè)人對(duì)某項(xiàng)事物沒有認(rèn)識(shí)，也就不會(huì)產(chǎn)生情感，因而也就不會(huì)對(duì)它發(fā)生興趣。同樣，如果一個(gè)人缺乏某種職業(yè)知識(shí)，或者根本不了解這種職業(yè)，那么他就不可能對(duì)這種職業(yè)感興趣，在職業(yè)規(guī)劃時(shí)想不到。相反，認(rèn)識(shí)越深刻，情感越豐富，興趣也就越深厚。
Lack of interest is closely related to personal knowledge and emotion. If a person does not know something, he will not have emotions, and therefore will not be interested in it. Similarly, if a person lacks some kind of professional knowledge, or does not understand the profession at all, then he can not be interested in the profession, in career planning did not expect. On the contrary, the more profound the cognition, the richer the emotion, the deeper the interest.
3、家庭環(huán)境
3. Family environment
家庭作為更基本的社會(huì)單元，對(duì)每個(gè)人的心理發(fā)展都產(chǎn)生重要的影響，因此個(gè)人職業(yè)心理發(fā)展具有很強(qiáng)的社會(huì)化特征，家庭環(huán)境的熏陶對(duì)其職業(yè)興趣的形成具有十分明顯的導(dǎo)向作用。大多數(shù)人從幼年起就在家庭的環(huán)境中感受其父母的職業(yè)活動(dòng)，隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，逐步形成自己對(duì)職業(yè)價(jià)值的認(rèn)識(shí)，使得個(gè)在選擇職業(yè)時(shí)，不可避免地帶有家庭教育的印跡。家庭因素對(duì)職業(yè)取向的影響，主要體現(xiàn)在擇業(yè)趨同性與協(xié)商性等方面。
As the most basic social unit, the family has an important impact on the psychological development of everyone, so the development of personal professional psychology has a strong social characteristics, the influence of family environment on the formation of their professional interests has a very obvious guiding role. Most people feel their parents'professional activities in the family environment from childhood. With the growth of their age, they gradually form their own understanding of the value of their profession, which inevitably brings the imprint of family education when choosing a career. The influence of family factors on career orientation is mainly reflected in the convergence of jobs and negotiation.
一般情況下，個(gè)人對(duì)于家庭成員特別是長(zhǎng)輩的職業(yè)比較熟悉，在職業(yè)規(guī)劃和職業(yè)選擇上產(chǎn)生一定的趨同性影響，同時(shí)受家庭群體職業(yè)活動(dòng)的影響，個(gè)人的生涯決策或多或少產(chǎn)生于家庭成員共同協(xié)商的基礎(chǔ)上。興趣有時(shí)也受遺傳的影響，父母的興趣也會(huì)對(duì)孩子有直接的影響。
Generally speaking, individuals are familiar with the career of family members, especially the elders, which has a certain convergence effect on career planning and career choices. At the same time, individual career decision-making is more or less based on family members'common consultation. Interest is sometimes influenced by heredity, and parents' interests will have a direct impact on children.
4、受教育程度
4. Education level
個(gè)人自身接受教育的程度是影響其職業(yè)興趣的重要因素。任何一種社會(huì)職業(yè)從客觀上對(duì)從業(yè)人員都有知識(shí)與技能等方面的要求，而個(gè)人本人的知識(shí)與技能水平的高低在很大程度上取決于其受教育的程度。一般意義上，個(gè)人學(xué)歷層次越高，接受職業(yè)培訓(xùn)范圍越廣，其職業(yè)取向領(lǐng)域就越寬。
The degree of personal education is an important factor affecting their vocational interest. Any social occupation objectively demands knowledge and skills of employees, and the level of individual knowledge and skills depends to a great extent on the degree of education. Generally speaking, the higher the educational level, the wider the scope of Vocational training, the wider the field of career orientation.
5、社會(huì)因素
5, social factors
一方面，社會(huì)輿論對(duì)個(gè)人職業(yè)興趣的影響主要體現(xiàn)在政府政策導(dǎo)向、傳統(tǒng)文化、社會(huì)時(shí)尚等方面。政府就業(yè)政策的宣傳是主導(dǎo)的影響因素，傳統(tǒng)的就業(yè)觀念和就業(yè)模式也往往制約個(gè)人的職業(yè)選擇，而社會(huì)時(shí)尚職業(yè)則始終是個(gè)人特別是青年人追求的目標(biāo)。如當(dāng)前計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)和旅游事業(yè)都得到較大發(fā)展，對(duì)這兩個(gè)職業(yè)有興趣的人也增加得很快。
On the one hand, the influence of public opinion on personal professional interests is mainly reflected in government policy orientation, traditional culture, social fashion and so on. The propaganda of the government's employment policy is the dominant factor, and the traditional employment concept and employment mode often restrict the individual's career choice, while the social fashion career is always the goal pursued by individuals, especially young people. For example, computer technology and tourism have been greatly developed, and the number of people interested in these two professions has increased rapidly.
另一方面，興趣和愛好是受社會(huì)性制約的，不同的環(huán)境、不同的職業(yè)、不同的文化層次的人，興趣和愛好都不一樣。
On the other hand, interests and hobbies are restricted by society. People of different environments, occupations and cultural levels have different interests and hobbies.
6、職業(yè)需求
6, career needs
職業(yè)需求是一定時(shí)期內(nèi)用人單位可提供的不同職業(yè)崗位對(duì)從業(yè)人員的總需求量，它是影響個(gè)人職業(yè)興趣的客觀因素。職業(yè)需求越多、類別越廣，個(gè)人選擇職業(yè)的余地就越大。職業(yè)需求對(duì)個(gè)人的職業(yè)興趣具有一定的導(dǎo)向性，在一定條件下，它可強(qiáng)化個(gè)人的職業(yè)選擇，或抑制個(gè)人不切實(shí)際的職業(yè)取向，也可引導(dǎo)個(gè)人產(chǎn)生新的職業(yè)取向。
Career demand is the total demand of employees for different occupational positions provided by employers in a certain period of time. It is an objective factor affecting personal professional interest. The more career demands and the wider categories, the greater the room for individuals to choose careers. Career needs have certain orientation to individual's career interest. Under certain conditions, it can strengthen individual's career choice, restrain individual's unrealistic career orientation, and guide individual to produce new career orientation.
更后，年齡的變化和時(shí)代的變化也會(huì)對(duì)人的興趣產(chǎn)生直接影響。就年齡方面來說，少兒時(shí)期往往對(duì)圖畫、歌舞感興趣，青年時(shí)期對(duì)一文學(xué)、藝術(shù)感興趣，成年時(shí)期往往對(duì)某種職業(yè)、某種土作感興趣。它反映了一個(gè)人興趣的中心隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)、知識(shí)的積累在轉(zhuǎn)移。就時(shí)代來講，不同的時(shí)代，不同的物質(zhì)和文化條件，也會(huì)對(duì)人興趣的變化產(chǎn)生很大的影響。
Finally, changes in age and changes in the age will also have a direct impact on people's interests. In terms of age, children are often interested in painting, singing and dancing, youth is interested in literature, art, adulthood is often interested in a certain profession, a certain kind of native works. It reflects that the center of a person's interest shifts with age and knowledge accumulation. In terms of the times, different times, different material and cultural conditions, will also have a great impact on the changes in people's interests.